Science (086) — AI-generated practice question

The earth wire (green insulation) is connected to a metal plate buried deep in the earth. Its purpose is to provide a low-resistance conducting path for any leakage current.

For appliances like electric irons or refrigerators that have metallic bodies, the body is connected to the earth wire. If any live wire accidentally touches the metallic body due to damaged insulation or a fault, the leakage current flows safely into the earth. This keeps the potential of the metallic body equal to earth's potential, preventing the user from receiving a severe electric shock.

Source: Chapter 12, Section 12.4 — Domestic Electric Circuits

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• 3 marks breakdown: 1 mark for defining the earth wire and its connection, 1 mark for how it works (low-resistance path), 1 mark for why it is essential for metallic-bodied appliances (prevents severe shock).
• Always mention green insulation and low-resistance conducting path — these are key terms examiners look for.
• Conclude with the safety outcome: user does not get a severe electric shock.