Science (086) — AI-generated practice question

The person is likely suffering from hypermetropia (far-sightedness). She can see distant objects (50 m) clearly, but nearby objects (15 cm) appear blurred.

In a normal eye, the near point is 25 cm. At 15 cm, the ciliary muscles must contract further to increase the eye lens curvature and raise its power. In a hypermetropic eye, the focal length of the lens is too long (or the eyeball is too small), so the image of a nearby object forms behind the retina instead of on it. The eye's power of accommodation is insufficient to bring the image forward onto the retina, causing blurring. This defect is corrected using a convex (converging) lens of appropriate power.

Source: Chapter 10, Section 10.2 – Defects of Vision and Their Correction; Section 10.1.1 – Power of Accommodation

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• Examiners want you to name the defect (hypermetropia), state why it causes near-blurring (image forms behind retina), and link it to accommodation (ciliary muscles can't increase curvature enough) and the near point (normal = 25 cm; phone at 15 cm is closer than near point).
• Do not confuse with myopia — myopes can see near clearly but not far. Here it is the reverse.
• Mentioning the correction (convex lens) is a good finishing point and may earn the third mark.