Science (086) — AI-generated practice question

The DNA of a tall pea plant contains the gene T (dominant allele). This gene is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated by ribosomes to produce a specific enzyme (protein). This enzyme catalyses the synthesis of a gibberellin-type growth hormone in large amounts. The hormone promotes elongation of stem cells, resulting in the tall phenotype. In short plants (genotype tt), the non-functional enzyme produces little or no hormone, so stems remain short.

Chain: DNA (gene T) → mRNA → Enzyme (protein) → Growth hormone → Tall plant.

Source: Chapter 8 (Heredity), Chapter 6, Section 6.2.2

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• The examiner expects the DNA → RNA → Protein → Trait chain explicitly stated.
• Mention that the protein acts as an enzyme that controls hormone production — this links molecular biology to the observable trait.
• The textbook mentions gibberellins help in stem growth (Ch. 6.2.2); connecting that to the T gene is the key bridge the question demands.
• Keep the chain logical and sequential — examiners award one mark per link in the chain (gene → enzyme → hormone → trait).