AI-generated practice question — model-generated for extra practice, not a previous-year CBSE board question.
The passing of traits from parents to their offspring is called heredity (inheritance).
Source: Heredity, Section 8.2
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The examiner expects the single key term heredity (also accept inheritance). The passage explicitly states: "The rules of heredity determine the process by which traits and characteristics are reliably inherited." No further elaboration is needed for a 1-mark question.