Science (086) — AI-generated practice question

Differences between translocation in phloem and transport in xylem:

| Phloem (Translocation) | Xylem (Water transport) |
|---|---|
| Occurs in both upward and downward directions | Occurs only in one direction — upward |
| Requires energy (ATP); cannot be explained by simple physical forces | Driven by physical forces — transpiration pull and root pressure; no energy expenditure |

Energy for translocation:
The energy is provided by ATP. Sucrose is transferred into phloem tissue using energy from ATP, which increases the osmotic pressure, causing water to move in and creating pressure that drives the food material to regions of lower pressure.

Source: Chapter 5, Section 5.4.2 – Transportation in Plants

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• Examiners expect two clear, contrasting points — direction of transport and energy requirement are the standard pair from the textbook.
• The second part on energy source must mention ATP and briefly explain the osmotic pressure mechanism.
• A table is acceptable and saves time; bullet points work equally well.
• Avoid vague answers like "phloem needs energy" without stating the source (ATP) — that loses a mark.